KATE CRAWFORD

Articles

• Alexandra Sasha Luccioni and Kate Crawford, 2024 ‘The Nine Lives of ImageNet: A Sociotechnical Retrospective of a Foundation Dataset and the Limits of Automated Essentialism’, Journal of Data-Centric Machine Learning Research. [pdf]

• Kate Crawford (ed), 2024 ‘An AI Society’, Issues in Science and Technology, collection of essays by Mark Andrejevic, Mike Ananny, Wendy Chun, Stephanie Dick, Emmanuel Didier, Florian Jaton, Xiaochang Li, Lucy Suchman, and Linnet Taylor. https://issues.org/an-ai-society/

• Kate Crawford and Jason Schultz, 2024 ‘The Work of Art in the Age of Generative AI’, Grey Room. https://direct.mit.edu/grey/article/doi/10.1162/grey_a_00389/119006/The-Work-of-Copyright-Law-in-the-Age-of-Generative

• Will Orr and Kate Crawford, 2024 ‘Building Better Datasets: Seven Recommendations for Responsible Design from Dataset Creators’, Journal of Data-Centric Machine Learning Research.

• Will Orr and Kate Crawford, 2023 ‘The Social Construction of Datasets,’ New Media & Society.

• Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier, Jean Burgess, Maurizio Corbetta, Kate Crawford, Esther Duflo, Laurel Fogarty, Alison Gopnik, Sari Hanafi, Mario Herrero, Ying-yi Hong, Yasuko Kameyama, Tatia M. C. Lee, Gabriel M. Leung, Daniel S. Nagin, Anna C. Nobre, Merete Nordentoft, Aysu Okbay, Andrew Perfors, Laura M. Rival, Cassidy R. Sugimoto, Bertil Tungodden and Claudia Wagner, 2022 ‘The Future of Human Behavior Research’, Nature Human Behavior 6, 15–24. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-021-01275-6.

• Alexandra Sasha Luccioni, Frances Corry, Hamsini Sridharan, Mike Ananny, Jason Schultz, Kate Crawford, 2022 ‘A Framework for Deprecating Datasets: Standardizing Documentation, Identification, and Communication,’ Proceedings of the 2022 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency. [pdf]

• Divya Siddarth, Daron Acemoglu, Danielle Allen, Kate Crawford, James Evans, Michael Jordan and E. Glen Weyl, 2021 ‘How AI Fails Us’, Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics. https://ethics.harvard.edu/how-ai-fails-us

• Kate Crawford and Trevor Paglen, 2021 ‘Excavating AI: The politics of images in machine learning training sets,’ AI & Society.

• Alex Campolo and Kate Crawford, 2020 'Enchanted Determinism: Power without Responsibility in Artificial Intelligence', Engaging Science, Technology, and Society, 6, 1-19. https://estsjournal.org/index.php/ests/article/view/277

• Jessa Lingel and Kate Crawford, 2020 'Alexa, Tell Me about Your Mother: The History of the Secretary and the End of Secrecy', Catalyst: Feminism, Theory, Technoscience, 6(1). https://catalystjournal.org/index.php/catalyst/article/view/29949

• Kate Crawford and Jason Schultz, 2019 'AI Systems As State Actors', Columbia Law Review, 119(7), 1941-1972. https://columbialawreview.org/content/ai-systems-as-state-actors/

• Kate Crawford and Trevor Paglen, 2019 'Excavating AI: The Politics of Images in Machine Learning Training Sets' www.excavating.ai. Joint winners of the Aryton Prize 2019, from the British Society for the History of Science https://www.bshs.org.uk/prizes/bshs-ayrton-prize

• Rashida Richardson, Jason Schultz and Kate Crawford, 2019 'Dirty Data, Bad Predictions: How Civil Rights Violations Impact Police Data, Predictive Policing Systems, and Justice', N.Y.U. Law Review Online, 192. https://www.nyulawreview.org/online-features/dirty-data-bad-predictions-how-civil-rights-violations-impact-police-data-predictive-policing-systems-and-justice/

• Kate Crawford and Vladan Joler, 2018 'Anatomy of an AI System: The Amazon Echo As An Anatomical Map of Human Labor, Data and Planetary Resources', AI Now Institute and Share Lab, September 7, 2018. https://anatomyof.ai

• Solon Barocas, Kate Crawford, Aaron Shapiro and Hanna Wallach, 2017 'The Problem With Bias: Allocative Versus Representational Harms in Machine Learning', SIGCIS Conference, http://meetings.sigcis.org/uploads/6/3/6/8/6368912/program.pdf

• Timnit Gebru, Jamie Morgenstern, Briana Vecchione, Jennifer Wortman Vaughan, Hanna Wallach, Hal Daumeé III, and Kate Crawford, 2018 'Datasheets for Datasets', Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency in Machine Learning, Stockholm, Sweden, PMLR 80, 2018.

• Matthew Zook, Solon Barocas, danah boyd, Kate Crawford, Emily Keller, and Seeta Gangadharan, 2017 'Ten simple rules for responsible big data research', PLoS Computational Biology, 13(3): e1005399. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005399

• Kate Crawford, Meredith Whittaker, Madeleine Clare Elish, Solon Barocas, Aaron Plasek, Kadija Ferryman, 2016 'The AI Now Report: The Social and Economic Implications of Artificial Intelligence.' Tabled with the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy for their Future of Artificial Intelligence Series. https://artificialintelligencenow.com/media/documents/AINowSummaryReport_3.pdf

• Sarah Bird, Solon Barocas, Kate Crawford, Fernando Diaz and Hanna Wallach, 2016 'Exploring or Exploiting? Social and Ethical Implications of Autonomous Experimentation in AI', Workshop on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency in Machine Learning (FAT-ML), New York University. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2846909

• Mike Ananny and Kate Crawford, 2016 'Seeing without knowing: Limitations of the transparency ideal and its application to algorithmic accountability', New Media & Society, https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444816676645i

• Kate Crawford and Ryan Calo, 2016 'There is a blind spot in AI research', Nature, October 13. http://www.nature.com/news/there-is-a-blind-spot-in-ai-research-1.20805

• Kate Crawford, 2016 'Can an Algorithm be Agonistic? Ten Scenes from Life in Calculated Publics', Science, Technology & Human Values, 41(1), 77-92. doi: 10.1177/0162243915589635 [pdf]

• Kate Crawford, 2016 'Asking the Oracle' in Astro Noise, ed. Laura Poitras. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp 128-141. [pdf]

• Jake Metcalf and Kate Crawford, 2016 'Where are the Human Subjects in Big Data Research? The Emerging Ethics Divide,' Big Data & Society, special issue on Critical Data Studies, Spring 2016. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2053951716650211

• Ifeoma Ajunwa, Kate Crawford and Jason Schultz, 2016 'Limitless Worker Surveillance', California Law Review, 735 2017. https://lawcat.berkeley.edu/record/1127979?ln=en&v=pdf

• Ifeoma Ajunwa, Kate Crawford and Joel Ford, 2016 'Health and BigData: An Ethical Framework for Health Information Collection By Corporate Wellness Programs,' Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics, 44(2016).

• Tero Karppi and Kate Crawford, 2015 'Social Media, Financial Algorithms and the Hack Crash', Theory Culture & Society. published online first: http://tcs.sagepub.com/content/early/2015/05/04/0263276415583139.abstract. SSRN link for free download: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2602857

• Kate Crawford, Jessa Lingel and Tero Karppi, 2015 'Our Metrics, Ourselves: A Hundred Years of Self-Tracking From The Weight Scale to The Wrist Wearable Device', European Journal of Cultural Studies. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1367549415584857

• Luke Stark and Kate Crawford, 2015 'The Conservatism of Emoji: Affect and Labor in Informational Capitalism', Social Media and Society. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2056305115604853

• Kate Crawford 2014, 'The Anxieties of Big Data', The New Inquiry, http://thenewinquiry.com/essays/the-anxieties-of-big-data/

• Kate Crawford and Tarleton Gillespie, 2014 'What is a Flag For? Social Media Reporting Tools and the Vocabulary of Complaint', New Media & Society. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2476464

• Kate Crawford and Megan Finn, 2014 'The limits of crisis data: analytical and ethical challenges of using social and mobile data to understand disasters', Geojournal, doi: 10.1007/s10708-014-9597-z

• Kate Crawford, Kate Miltner, Mary Gray, 2014 'Critiquing Big Data: Politics, Ethics, Epistemology', International Journal of Communications, Vol. 8, Special Section Introduction. http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/2167/1164

• Jay Brubaker, Mike Ananny, and Kate Crawford, 2014 'Departing Glances: A Sociotechnical Account of Leaving Grindr', New Media & Society. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1461444814542311

• Mike Ananny and Kate Crawford, 2014 'A Liminal Press: Situating News App Designers Within a Field of Networked News Production', Digital Journalism. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21670811.2014.922322, full text available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2448736

• Jack Qui, Melissa Gregg and Kate Crawford, 2014 'Circuits of Labour: A Labour Theory of the iPhone Era', Triple C Journal. https://www.triple-c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/view/540

• Kate Crawford and Jason Schultz, 2014 'Big Data and Due Process: Toward a Framework to Redress Predictive Privacy Harms', Boston College Law Review, Vol. 55, No. 1. https://bclawreview.bc.edu/articles/620

• Kate Crawford and Catharine Lumby, 2013 'Networks of Governance: Users, Platforms, and the Challenge of Networked Media Regulation', International Journal of Technology Policy and Law, Vol. 2, No. 1. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2246772

• Frances Shaw, Jean Burgess, Kate Crawford, Axel Bruns, 2013 'Sharing News, Making Sense, Saying Thanks: Patterns of Talk on Twitter during the Queensland Floods', Australian Journal of Communication, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp.23-40. http://www.austjourcomm.org/index.php/ajc/article/view/16

• Clifton Evers, Kath Albury, Paul Byron and Kate Crawford, 2013 'Young People, Social Media, Social Network Sites and Sexual Health Communication in Australia: "This is Funny, You Should Watch It"', International Journal of Communication 7, pp 263-280. http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/1106/853

• Kate Crawford and Penny Robinson, 2013 'Beyond Generations and New Media', in A Companion to New Media Dynamics, eds. John Hartley, Jean Burgess and Axel Bruns. Oxford: Blackwell. pp 472-280.

• danah boyd and Kate Crawford, 2012 'Critical Questions for Big Data', Information, Communication and Society, Volume 15, no 5, pp 662-679. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2012.678878 [pdf]

• Kate Crawford, 2012 'Reanimating Adulthood' in Queer and Subjugated Knowledges: Generating Subversive Imaginaries, eds. Kerry Robinson and Cristyn Davies. Bentham Science. pp 140-167.

• Kate Crawford, 2012 'Four ways of Listening to an iPhone: From Sound and Network Listening to Biometric Data and Geolocative Tracking', in Studying Mobile Media: Cultural Technologies, Mobile Communication, and the iPhone, edited by Larissa Hjorth, Ingrid Richardson and Jean Burgess. London and New York: Routledge. pp 213-239. [pdf]

• Kate Crawford, reprint 2012 'Following You: Disciplines of Listening in Social Media', in The Sound Studies Reader, ed. Jonathan Sterne. Routledge: New York, pp 79-88.

• Jo Tacchi, Kathi Kitner and Kate Crawford, 2012 'Meaningful Mobility: Gender, Development and Mobile Phones', Feminist Media Studies, Vol 12, No. 4, pp 528-537. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/14680777.2012.741869#.UaDayGRAQtk

• Kath Albury and Kate Crawford, 2012 'Sexting, Consent and Young People's Ethics: Beyond 'Megan's Story', Continuum, 26: 3, pp 463-473. [pdf]

• Kate Crawford, 2011 'Listening, not Lurking: The Neglected Form of Participation', in Cultures of Participation, edited by Hajo Grief, Larissa Hjorth, and Amparo Lasén. Peter Lang: Berlin pp 63-77. [pdf]

• Kate Crawford, 2010 'What's Happening? Banality and Intimacy in Mobile and Social Media', in Humanities Australia, Issue 1, pp 64-71. [pdf]

• Kate Crawford and Gerard Goggin, 2010. 'Moveable Types: The Emergence of Mobile Social Media in Australia, in Media Asia Journal, Vol. 37 No 4, pp 224-231.  [pdf]

• Kate Crawford, 2010 'News To Me: Twitter and the Personal Networking of News', in News Online, edited by Graham Meikle and Guy Redden, 135-156. London: Palgrave. [pdf]

• Kate Crawford, 2010 'Noise, Now: Listening to Networks,' in Meanjin, Vol. 69, No. 2, June, pp 64-69.

• Kate Crawford and Gerard Goggin, 2010 'Generation Disconnections: Youth Culture & Mobile Media', in Mobile Communication: Bringing Us Together or Tearing Us Apart?, edited by Rich Ling and Scott Campbell, The Mobile Communication Research Series: Volume II. New Brunswick: Transaction.

• Kate Crawford, 2010 'Adulthood After the Crash', in Radical Futures: Politics for the Next Generation, edited by Ben Little. London: Lawrence and Wishart: 46-51. [pdf]

• Kate Crawford, 2010 'Buying In: On Adulthood and Home Ownership Ideologies', in The Problem of Contemporary Adulthood: Calendars, Cartographies, and Constructions, edited by Judith Burnett. London: Palgrave. pp 39-55.

• Kate Crawford, 2009 'These Foolish Things: On Intimacy and Insignificance in Mobile Media.' In Mobile Technologies: From Telecommunications to Media, edited by Gerard Goggin and Larissa Hjorth, 252-265. New York: Routledge.

• Kate Crawford, 2009 'Following You: Disciplines of Listening in Social Media', Continuum, 23, Issue 4, pp 525-535. [pdf]

• Kate Crawford, 2009 'Listening as Participation: Social Media and Metaphors of Hearing Online', The Good, The Bad and The Challenging: The User and The Future of Information and Communication Technologies, COST 298 Conference journal. Copenhagen: COST. [pdf]

• Kate Crawford, 2009 'Adult Responsibility in Insecure Times', Soundings, 41, Winter, pp 45-55. [pdf]

• Kate Crawford, 2009 'Emergency Environmentalism: On Fear, Lifestyle Politics and Subjectivity, Angelaki: Journal of Theoretical Humanities, Vol. 14, 2, pp 29-35. [pdf]

• Kate Crawford and Gerard Goggin, 2008 'Handsome Devils: Mobile imaginings of Youth Culture', Global Media Journal, Vol. 2, https://www.hca.westernsydney.edu.au/gmjau/archive/iss1_2008/crawford_goggin.html

• Kate Crawford, 2006 'Control-Shift: Censorship and the Internet', in Catharine Lumby and Elspeth Probyn (eds.) Remote Control: New Media, New Ethics. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press. [pdf]

• Kate Crawford, 2006 'Adaptation: Tracking the Ecologies of Music and Peer-to-Peer Networks.' Media International Australia, Copyright, Media & Innovation, Special Issue 114, pp 30-39.

Books and Edited Collections

• Kate Crawford, 2021 Atlas of AI: Power, Politics, and the Planetary Costs of Artificial Intelligence. Yale University Press, New Haven

• Kate Crawford and Mary Gray (eds), 2014 Big Data, Big Questions, special section in the International Journal of Communication, Vol. 8. http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/issue/view/10.

  Contains eight articles addressing a range of disciplinary perspectives on big data. Authors include: Mark Andrejevic; Geoffrey C. Bowker; Lawrence Busch; Nick Couldry and Joseph Turow; Kevin Driscoll and Shawn Walker; Dawn Nafus and Jamie Sherman; Cornelius Puschmann and Jean Burgess; Jim Thatcher.

• Kate Crawford, 2006 Adult Themes. Macmillan, Sydney.

Essays and Op-Eds

• Kate Crawford, 2024 ‘Generative AI’s environmental costs are soaring - and mostly secret,’ Nature, Feb 20. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-00478-x

• Kate Crawford and Jason Schultz, 2024 ‘Generative AI Is a Crisis for Copyright Law’, Issues in Science and Technology: Journal of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Jan 16. https://issues.org/generative-ai-copyright-law-crawford-schultz/

• Kate Crawford, 2019 'Halt the use of facial-recognition technology until it is regulated', Nature, Aug 27. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02514-7

• Kate Crawford, 2017 'Artificial Intelligence — With Very Real Biases', Wall Street Journal, October 17. https://www.wsj.com/articles/artificial-intelligencewith-very-real-biases-1508252717?mod=e2fb.

• Kate Crawford, 2016 'Artificial Intelligence's White Guy Problem,' The New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/26/opinion/sunday/artificial-intelligences-white-guy-problem.html

• Kate Crawford, 2014 'The Anxieties of Big Data', The New Inquiry, http://thenewinquiry.com/essays/the-anxieties-of-big-data/

• Kate Crawford, 2014 'The Test We Can - And Should - Run On Facebook', The Atlantic, http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2014/07/the-test-we-canand-shouldrun-on-facebook/373819/

• Luke Stark and Kate Crawford, 2014 'The Conservatism of Emoji', The New Inquiry. http://thenewinquiry.com/essays/the-conservatism-of-emoji/.

• Kate Crawford, 2013 'The Hidden Biases of Big Data', Harvard Business Review, April 1. http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2013/04/the_hidden_biases_in_big_data.html

• Kate Crawford, 2013 'Think Again: Big Data', Foreign Policy, May 9. https://foreignpolicy.com/2013/05/10/think-again-big-data/ (also syndicated in The Age newspaper: http://www.theage.com.au/it-pro/business-it/is-big-data-all-its-cracked-up-to-be-20130513-2jh55.html).